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Rúhíyyih Khánum and the former Hands who followed her in violation of the Covenant, as well as the headless and spiritually dead body that they created, all followed a common pattern in which they projected a picture of Shoghi Effendi, the first Guardian of the Cause of God, as a weak, irresponsible and careless person who was unfaithful to theWill and Testament of `Abdu'l-Bahá, and without being vouchsafed divine guidance, inspiration, and the protection of God.